.. SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
   Copyright 2021 HiSilicon Limited

Direct Memory Access (DMA) Device Library
=========================================

The DMA library provides a DMA device framework for management and provisioning
of hardware and software DMA poll mode drivers, defining generic API which
support a number of different DMA operations.


Design Principles
-----------------

The DMA framework provides a generic DMA device framework which supports both
physical (hardware) and virtual (software) DMA devices, as well as a generic DMA
API which allows DMA devices to be managed and configured, and supports DMA
operations to be provisioned on DMA poll mode driver.

.. _figure_dmadev:

.. figure:: img/dmadev.*

The above figure shows the model on which the DMA framework is built on:

 * The DMA controller could have multiple hardware DMA channels (aka. hardware
   DMA queues), each hardware DMA channel should be represented by a dmadev.
 * The dmadev could create multiple virtual DMA channels, each virtual DMA
   channel represents a different transfer context.
 * The DMA operation request must be submitted to the virtual DMA channel.


Device Management
-----------------

Device Creation
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Physical DMA controllers are discovered during the PCI probe/enumeration of the
EAL function which is executed at DPDK initialization, this is based on their
PCI BDF (bus/bridge, device, function). Specific physical DMA controllers, like
other physical devices in DPDK can be listed using the EAL command line options.

The dmadevs are dynamically allocated by using the function
``rte_dma_pmd_allocate`` based on the number of hardware DMA channels.


Device Identification
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Each DMA device, whether physical or virtual is uniquely designated by two
identifiers:

- A unique device index used to designate the DMA device in all functions
  exported by the DMA API.

- A device name used to designate the DMA device in console messages, for
  administration or debugging purposes.


Device Features and Capabilities
--------------------------------

DMA devices may support different feature sets. The ``rte_dma_info_get`` API
can be used to get the device info and supported features.

Silent mode is a special device capability which does not require the
application to invoke dequeue APIs.

.. _dmadev_enqueue_dequeue:


Enqueue / Dequeue APIs
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Enqueue APIs such as ``rte_dma_copy`` and ``rte_dma_fill`` can be used to
enqueue operations to hardware. If an enqueue is successful, a ``ring_idx`` is
returned. This ``ring_idx`` can be used by applications to track per operation
metadata in an application-defined circular ring.

The ``rte_dma_submit`` API is used to issue doorbell to hardware.
Alternatively the ``RTE_DMA_OP_FLAG_SUBMIT`` flag can be passed to the enqueue
APIs to also issue the doorbell to hardware.

The following code demonstrates how to enqueue a burst of copies to the
device and start the hardware processing of them:

.. code-block:: C

   struct rte_mbuf *srcs[DMA_BURST_SZ], *dsts[DMA_BURST_SZ];
   unsigned int i;

   for (i = 0; i < RTE_DIM(srcs); i++) {
      if (rte_dma_copy(dev_id, vchan, rte_pktmbuf_iova(srcs[i]),
            rte_pktmbuf_iova(dsts[i]), COPY_LEN, 0) < 0) {
         PRINT_ERR("Error with rte_dma_copy for buffer %u\n", i);
         return -1;
      }
   }
   rte_dma_submit(dev_id, vchan);

There are two dequeue APIs ``rte_dma_completed`` and
``rte_dma_completed_status``, these are used to obtain the results of the
enqueue requests. ``rte_dma_completed`` will return the number of successfully
completed operations. ``rte_dma_completed_status`` will return the number of
completed operations along with the status of each operation (filled into the
``status`` array passed by user). These two APIs can also return the last
completed operation's ``ring_idx`` which could help user track operations within
their own application-defined rings.


Querying Device Statistics
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

The statistics from a dmadev device can be got via the statistics functions,
i.e. ``rte_dma_stats_get()``. The statistics returned for each device instance are:

* ``submitted``: The number of operations submitted to the device.
* ``completed``: The number of operations which have completed (successful and failed).
* ``errors``: The number of operations that completed with error.

The dmadev library has support for displaying DMA device information
through the Telemetry interface. Telemetry commands that can be used
are shown below.

#. Get the list of available DMA devices by ID::

     --> /dmadev/list
     {"/dmadev/list": [0, 1]}

#. Get general information from a DMA device by passing the device id as a parameter::

     --> /dmadev/info,0
     {"/dmadev/info": {"name": "0000:00:01.0", "nb_vchans": 1, "numa_node": 0, "max_vchans": 1, "max_desc": 4096,
     "min_desc": 32, "max_sges": 0, "capabilities": {"mem2mem": 1, "mem2dev": 0, "dev2mem": 0, ...}}}

#. Get the statistics for a particular DMA device and virtual DMA channel by passing the device id and vchan id as parameters
   (if a DMA device only has one virtual DMA channel you only need to pass the device id)::

     --> /dmadev/stats,0,0
     {"/dmadev/stats": {"submitted": 0, "completed": 0, "errors": 0}}

For more information on how to use the Telemetry interface, see
the :doc:`../howto/telemetry`.
